P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTE - All Categories in OGSPI
PLATTEN 1891 census 100o1 family 038
@ca.on.
ontario_county_north.
scugog_township
division 1 page 008
film T6358 lds1465783
indexed 2003 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
17 PLATTEN
John
m 51 married - Ont Eng Eng Meth farmer
18 PLATTEN
James
m 18 - son Ont Ont Ont Ont =
19 PLATTEN
Maria▼
f 19 - dtr Ont Ont Ont o
20 PLATTEN
Melinda
f 21 - dtr Ont Ont Ont o
21 PLATTEN
Mary▼
f 24 - dtr Ont Ont Ont o
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTEN 1891 census 100o1 family 051
@ca.on.
ontario_county_north.
scugog_township
division 1 page 011
film T6358 lds1465783
indexed 2003 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
05 PLATTEN
Wallace
m 27 married - Ont Ont Ont Meth farmer
06 PLATTEN
{?} Emma
Ida▼
f 22 married wife Ont Ont Ont Meth
07 PLATTEN
Lola
M.▼
f 3 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
08 PLATTEN
Cecil c
f 1 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTEN 1891 census 101c3 family 017
@ca.on.
ontario_county_south.
reach_township
division 3 page 004
film T6358 lds1465783
05 PLATTEN
Samuel
m 55 married - Eng Eng Eng Meth farmer
06 PLATTEN
{?} Mary▲
f 54 married wife Ont Ont Ont Meth
07 PLATTEN
Samuel
m 27 widower son Ont Eng Eng Meth farmer
08 PLATTEN
Ida▲
f 18 - dtr Ont Eng Eng Meth
09 PLATTEN
Netta
f 14 - dtr Ont Eng Eng Meth
10 PLATTEN
Samuel
F.
m 6 - grand_son Ont Ont Eng Meth
11 PLATTEN
Lydia▼
f 21 - dtr Ont Eng Ont Meth dress maker
indexed 2002 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTEN 1891 census 101e2 family 141
@ca.on.
ontario_county_south.
whitby_west_township
division 2 page 026
film T6358 lds1465783
indexed by
OGS Durham Region Branch
15 PLATTEN
Thomas
m 24 married - Ont Ont Ont Meth farm labour
16 PLATTEN
{?} Susie
f 23 married wife Ont Ont Ont Meth
17 PLATTEN
Alice
M.▲
f 3 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTEN 1891 census 101f1 family 042
@ca.on.ontario_county_south.whitby_town
division 1 page 009
film T6358 lds1465883
07 PENNY
John
m 62 married - Ont Ont Ont CofE registor
08 PENNY
{?} Louisa
H.
f 29 married wife Ont Ont Ont CofE
09 CHINN
Liley
f 5 - niece Ont Ont Ont CofE
10 PLATTEN
Lydea▲
f 24 - dom Ont Ont Ont Meth general servant
indexed 2007 by
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTEN 1891 census 101f1 family 262
@ca.on.ontario_county_south.whitby_town
division 1 page 049
film T6358 lds1465883
05 EMERY
James
m 60 married - Eng Eng Eng CofE hotel keeper
06 EMERY
{?} Elizabeth
f 56 married wife Eng Eng Eng CofE
07 EMERY
William
H.
m 21 - son Ont Eng Eng CofE watchmaker and jeweler
08 MALLET
Francis
R.
m 40 married son_in_law Eng Eng Eng Meth hotel keeper
09 MALLET
{?} Henrieta
f 31 married dtr Ont Eng Eng CofE
10 MALLET
George
m 12 - grand_son Ont Eng Ont CofE
11 MALLET
Frank
m 8 - grand_son Ont Eng Ont CofE
12 MALLET
Floss
Henrieta
f 9/12 - grand_daughter Ont Eng Ont CofE
13 PLATTEN
{?} Minnie
f 26 married dtr Ont Eng Eng CofE
14 PLATTEN
Reah
f 7 - grand_daughter Ont Eng Eng CofE
15 MALLETT
{?} Ann
f 82 widow lodger Eng Eng Eng Meth
16 GOULD
George
R.
m 26 - lodger Eng Eng Eng CofE bank accountant
17 SIDDLE
Benjamin
m 25 - lodger Ont Ont Ont CofE bank teller
18 McDOUGALL
Harold
m 18 - lodger Denmark Scotland Ont CofE bank clerk
19 HOUGH
George
L.
m 24 - lodger Ont Ont Ont CofE life insurance agent
20 SONLEY
George
m 25 - lodger Ont Ont Ont Meth butcher who slauters
21 SHANNON
Eliza
f 20 - dom Ont Ont Ire RC general servant
indexed 2007 by
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTEN - All Categories in OGSPI
PLATTIN 1891 census 101b1 family 095
@ca.on.
ontario_county_south.
scugog_township
port_perry_village
division 1 page 017
film T6358 lds1465783
indexed 2002 by
OGS Durham Region Branch
02 PLATTIN
{?} Maria▼
f 54 widow - Ont Ire Ire Meth
03 DULMAGE
Catharine
f 85 mothIre Ire Ire Meth
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTIN 1891 census 101b1 family 113
@ca.on.
ontario_county_south.
scugog_township
port_perry_village
division 1 page 020
film T6358 lds1465783
indexed 2002 by
OGS Durham Region Branch
09 PLATTIN
Austin
m 52 married - Ont Eng Eng CofE stationary engineer
10 PLATTIN
{?} Margaret▲
f 54 married wife Ont USA Ont Meth
11 PLATTIN
Ada
f 200 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth servant
12 PLATTIN
Thomas
m 18 - son Ont Ont Ont Baptist clerk groceries
13 PLATTIN
William
m 16 - son Ont Ont Ont Baptist clerk drygoods
14 PLATTIN
Geneva
f 14 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTIN - All Categories in OGSPI
PLATTS 1891 census 072d3 family 038
@ca.on.
wentworth_county.
hamilton_city ward 4
division 3 page 008
film T6341 lds1465766
12 PLATTS
{?} Hannah
f 68 widow - Eng Eng Eng Baptist
indexed 2007 by
OGS Hamilton Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATTS - All Categories in OGSPI
PLATZER 1891 census 107a2 family 135
@ca.on.
perth_county_north.
ellice_township
division 2 page 031
film T6362 lds1465787
electoral district of Perth North
22 135 BECKER
Henry
m 33 married head Ont Germany Germany Luth farmer
s/o
BECKER
Henry and wife
SCHINBEIN
Elizabeth
BECKER
Henry 13
with parents Ellice Township
1871 census district 030b3 family 034
BECKER
Henry 22 Ellice Township
1881 census district 172b2 family 0177
23 BECKER
{REIS}
Doothy
f 32 married wife Ont Germany Germany Luth
linked as maiden name
REIS
Doothy
d/o
REIS
Henry▼ aka
REISE
Henry and wife
PLATZER
Helena▼
REISE
Dorothea 13
with parents Ellice Township
1871 census district 030b3 family 018
REIS
Dorothy 22
with parents Ellice Township
1881 census district 172b2 family 0190
BECKER
Henry 42 and wife
Dorothy 41 Ellice Township
1901 census district 104a4 family 109
24 BECKER
John
m 6 - son Ont Ont Ont Luth
25 BECKER
Elizabeth
f 3 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Luth
census research 2000-2012 by Don and Marilyn Holmes of Listowel Ontario
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATZER 1891 census 107a2 family 139
@ca.on.
perth_county_north.
ellice_township
division 2 page 032
film T6362 lds1465787
electoral district of Perth North
22 139 REIS
Henry▲
m 87 married head Germany Germany Germany Luth retired farmer
23 REIS
{PLATZER}
Hélène
f 72 married wife Germany Germany Germany Luth
linked as maiden name
PLATZER
Hélène▲
24 REITZ
{REIS}
Catherine
f 40 widow dtr Germany Germany Germany Luth
linked as maiden name
REIS
Catherine
census research 2000-2012 by Don and Marilyn Holmes of Listowel Ontario
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLATZER - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAUD 1891 census 095&1/2g family 051
@ca.on.
nipissing_district.
badgerow_township_and_
caldwell_township_and_
field_township_and_
springer_township
page 13 film T6355 lds1465780
11 PLAUD
David
m 43 married - Que Que Que RC grocer retail
12 PLAUD
{LEPINE}
Delphine
f 40 married wife Que Que Que RC
linked as maiden name
LEPINE
Delphine
13 LEPINE
Arshele?
m 15 - nephew Que Que Que RC
more in
OGS Nipissing Branch Springer cemetery list
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAUD - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAUNT 1891 census 095&1/2e family 036
@ca.on.nipissing_district.bonfield_chisholm_boulter_ferris page 008
film T6355 lds1465780
8 PLANT
John
m 38 married - Ont Que Que RC farmer
son of
LAPLANTE
Jean
Baptiste and wife
BOIVIN
Caroline
9 PLANT
{LEGRIS}
Suzanne
f 40 married wife Ont Que Que RC
linked as maiden name
LEGRIS
Suzanne
PLAUNT
John▼ 46 and wife
Susane 53 Bonfield Township
1901 census district 092h.2 family 032
10 PLANT
Elinor
f 12 - - Ont Ont Que RC
married 1903 to
BOIVIN
James
son of BOIVIN
Denis and wife
SHEEDY
Mary
James 6 with parents Brougham
1881 census district 113d family 0004
James 17 with parents Bonfield Chisholm Boulter Ferris
1891 census district 095&1/2e family 031
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAUNT 1891 census 114a1 family 173
@ca.on.renfrew_county.admaston_township division 1 page 044
film T6365 lds1465790
electoral district of Renfrew South
22 PLAUNT
Thomas
m 50 married - Ont Que Ont Presb farmer
23 PLAUNT
{?} Ann
f 50 married wife Ire Ire Ire Presb
24 PLAUNT
Xavier
m 27 - son Ont Ont Ire Presb farmer
25 PLAUNT
Thomas
m 23 - son Ont Ont Ire Presb common labourer
page 45
01 PLAUNT
Joseph
m 22 - son Ont Ont Ire Presb blacksmith
02 PLAUNT
William
m 19 - son Ont Ont Ire Presb farmer
03 PLAUNT
Jannet
f 17 - dtr Ont Ont Ire Presb
04 PLAUNT
Mary
Jane
f 16 - dtr Ont Ont Ire Presb
05 PLAUNT
John▲
m 14 - son Ont Ont Ire Presb
06 PLAUNT
Maggie
f 8 - - Ont Que Que Presb
Admaston research by Jean Myers jmyers@ntl.sympatico.ca
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAUNT - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAUT 1891 census 095&1/2b family 114
@ca.on.nipissing_district.
mattawa_village
page 28 film T6355 lds1465780
4 SARISWELL
Robert
m 27 married - Eng Eng Eng CofE priest
5 SARISWELL
{BLISS}
Jane
f 27 married wife NB NB West_Indies CofE
linked as maiden name
BLISS
Jane
6 BLISS
{?} Dorothy
f 64 widow mother_in_law West_Indies Eng Eng CofE
7 PLAUT
Joseph
m 28 - lodger Eng Eng Eng CofE lay reader
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAUT - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAUTED 1891 census 175z family 071
@ca.qc.ottawa_county.maniwaki page 017 film T6412 lds1465837
10 PLAUTED
Henry
m 38 married - Eng Eng Eng CofE clergyman
11 PLAUTED
{?} Elizabeth
f 38 married wife Eng Eng Eng CofE
12 PLAUTED
Geotrudeole
f 5 - dtr Que Eng Eng CofE
13 PLAUTED
Lilian
f 3 - dtr Que Eng Eng CofE
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAUTED - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAUTZ 1891 census 123h2 family 270
@ca.on.
waterloo_county_south
wilmot_township
division 2 page 061
film T6375 lds1465800
01 270 HARTUNG
Adam
m 29 married head Ont Germany Germany Luth farm labourer
02 HARTUNG
{PLAUTZ}
Catherine
f 28 married wife Ont Germany Ont Luth
linked as maiden name
PLAUTZ
Catherine
03 HARTUNG
Edward
m 8 - son Ont Ont Ont Luth
04 HARTUNG
Emma
f 6 - son Ont Ont Ont Luth
05 HARTUNG
William
m 2 - son Ont Ont Ont Luth
census research 2000-2012 by Don and Marilyn Holmes of Listowel Ontario
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAUTZ - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAW 1891 census 095&1/2b family 116
@ca.on.nipissing_district.
mattawa_village
page 28 film T6355 lds1465780
15 PLAW
Robert
m 22 - - USA Eng Ont CPres manager retail hardware
16 PLAW
{?} Jane
f 47 widow mother Ont Scot Scot CPres
17 PLAW
Emma
f 15 - sister Ont Eng Ont CPres
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAW - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAXTON 1891 census 130d2 family 005
@ca.on.york_county_east.scarborough_township
division 2 page 001
film T6379 lds1465804
17 PLAXTON
John
m 43 married - Ont Eng Ont Meth blacksmith
18 PLAXTON
{?} Amanda
f 42 married wife Ont Ont Ont Meth farmer
19 PLAXTON
Clarrence
m 19 - son Ont Ont Ont Meth farm_labourer
20 PLAXTON
Edgar
m 18 - son Ont Ont Ont Meth farmer
21 PLAXTON
Frank
m 16 - son Ont Ont Ont Meth
22 PLAXTON
Lillian
f 15 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
23 PLAXTON
Arthur
m 8 - son Ont Ont Ont Meth
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAXTON - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAYER 1891 census 123h1 family 216
@ca.on.
waterloo_county_south
wilmot_township
division 1 page 047
film T6375 lds1465800
02 216 PLAYER
Hercules
m 35 married head Ont Eng Eng Baptist blacksmith
03 PLAYER
{ANDERSON}
Anna
M.
f 30 married wife Ont Ont Ont Baptist
linked as maiden name
ANDERSON
Anna
04 PLAYER
Alonzo
J.
m 9 - son Ont Ont Ont Baptist
05 PLAYER
Hiram
m 7 - son Ont Ont Ont Baptist
06 PLAYER
Hercules
C.
m 3 - son Ont Ont Ont Baptist
07 SPREEMAN
Isaac
m 24 - lodger Ont Ont Ont Baptist not given
census research 2000-2012 by Don and Marilyn Holmes of Listowel Ontario
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYER - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAYFAIR 1891 census 121c1 family 191
@ca.on.
victoria_county_south.
lindsay_town East Ward
division 1 page 038
film T6373 lds1465798
indexed 2009 by
OGS Kawartha Branch
06 PLAYFAIR
{?} Susan
f 60 widow - Ont Ire Ire Protestant
07 PLAYFAIR
Robert
m 17 - son Ont Scotland Ont Protestant clerk in store
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYFAIR 1891 census 121g2 family 150
@ca.on.
victoria_county_south.
verulam_township
division 2 page 035
film T6374 lds1465799 indexed 2008 by OGS Kawartha Branch
06 PLAYFAIR
Samuel
m 35 married - Ont Scotland Ont Meth farmer
07 PLAYFAIR
{BRIEN}
Louisa
f 35 married wife Ont Ire Ire Meth
linked as maiden name
BRIEN
Louisa
08 ROBE
Joseph
m 23 - - Ont Ire Ont Meth labourer
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYFAIR - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAYFORD 1891 census 122e2 family 279
@ca.on.
waterloo_county_north.
wellesley_township
division 2 page 060
film T6374 lds1465799
21 279 PLAYFORD
Andrew
m 28 - head Ont Eng Eng Presb farmer
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYFORD 1891 census 122e3 family 038
@ca.on.
waterloo_county_north.
wellesley_township
division 3 page 007
film T6374 lds1465799
20 038 PLAYFORD
Thomas
m 32 married head Ont Eng Eng CofE farm labourer
21 PLAYFORD
{MILLER}
Matilda
f 25 married wife Ont Ont Ont CofE
linked as maiden name
MILLER
Matilda
22 PLAYFORD
Caroline
E.
f 1 - dtr Ont Ont Ont CofE
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYFORD 1891 census 122e3 family 073
@ca.on.
waterloo_county_north.
wellesley_township
division 3 page 015
film T6374 lds1465799
04 073 PLAYFORD
Stephen
m 66 widower head Eng Eng Eng RC farmer
05 PLAYFORD
Elizabeth
f 37 - dtr Ont Eng Eng RC
06 PLAYFORD
Ellen
f 35 - dtr Ont Eng Eng RC
07 PLAYFORD
Lea
f 33 - dtr Ont Eng Eng RC
08 PLAYFORD
John
m 23 - son Ont Eng Eng RC
09 PLAYFORD
Albert
m 21 - son Ont Eng Eng RC
10 PLAYFORD
Elias
m 19 - son Ont Eng Eng RC
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYFORD - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAYTEN 1891 census 102a1 family 012
@ca.on.ontario_county_west.newmarket_town
division 1 page 002
film T6358 lds1465783
17 PLAYTEN
Walter
m 48 married - Ont Ont Ont Meth store keeper
18 PLAYTEN
{?} Phoebe
f 43 married wife Ont Ont Ont Meth
19 PLAYTEN
Flora
f 19 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
20 PLAYTEN
Veda
C.
f 1 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
21 PLAYTEN
Greta
f 1 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
indexed 2006 by
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTEN - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAYTER 1891 census 102e1 family 268
@ca.on.
ontario_county_west.
uxbridge_town
division 1 page 051
film T6359 lds1465784
16 HEMPHILL
L.
m 35 married - Ont Ont Ont Meth blank
also linked as
HEMPHILL
Zachariah
17 HEMPHILL
{PLAYTER}
Margret
Georgenia
f 28 married wife Ont Eng Scotland Meth
linked as maiden name
PLAYTER
Margret▼
Georgenia
18 HEMPHILL
Manely
Plater
m 4 - son Ont Ont Ont Meth
19 HEMPHILL
Edna
Mary
f 2 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
20 HEMPHILL
Matilda
f 58 - mother Ont USA USA Meth
widow of
HEMPHILL
Anson
Green
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTER 1891 census 102f6 family 024
@ca.on.
york_county
whitchurch_township
division 6 page 005
film T6359 lds1465784
electoral district of Ontario County West
14 PLAYTER
Charles
W.
m 44 married - Ont Ont Ont Christian farmer
15 PLAYTER
{?} Mary▲▼
Ann
f 42 married wife Ont Ont Ont Christian
16 PLAYTER
Lillian
f 18 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Christian
17 PLAYTER
Phoebe
f 16 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Christian
18 PLAYTER
Frank
m 14 - son Ont Ont Ont Christian
indexed 2003 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTER 1891 census 102f6 family 025
@ca.on.
york_county
whitchurch_township
division 6 page 005
film T6359 lds1465784
electoral district of Ontario County West
19 PLAYTER
Watson
m 79 married - Ont USA USA Quaker farmer
20 PLAYTER
{?} Harriet
f 70 married wife Ont - Ont Quaker
indexed 2003 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTER 1891 census 102f6 family 150
@ca.on.
york_county
whitchurch_township
division 6 page 030
film T6359 lds1465784
electoral district of Ontario County West
16 PLAYTER
John▼
m 56 married - Ont Ont Ont Meth farmer
17 PLAYTER
{?} Margaret▲
f 50 married wife Ont USA Scotland Meth
18 PLAYTER
Mary▲
E.
f 24 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
19 PLAYTER
Amelia
G.
f 17 - dtr Ont Ont Ont Meth
indexed 2003 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTER 1891 census 102f6 family 151
@ca.on.
york_county
whitchurch_township
division 6 page 030
film T6359 lds1465784
electoral district of Ontario County West
20 PLAYTER
{?} John▲
F.
m 27 married - Ont Ont Ont Meth farmer
21 PLAYTER
{?} Elizabeth
f 21 married wife Ont Ont Ont Meth
indexed 2003 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTER - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAYTON 1891 census 102f5 family 076
@ca.on.
york_county
whitchurch_township
division 5 page 016
film T6359 lds1465784
electoral district of Ontario County West
01 PLAYTON
Watson
T.
m 45 married - Ont Ont Ont Quaker farmer
02 PLAYTON
{?} Elizabeth
f 45 married wife Ont Ont USA Quaker
03 PLAYTON
Watson
S.
m 13 - son Ont Ont Ont Quaker
04 WILSON
Mary
E.
f 12 - - Ont Ont Ont Quaker
indexed 2003 by members of
OGS Durham Region Branch
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTON - All Categories in OGSPI
PLAYTOR 1891 census 109l family 233
@ca.on.
peterborough_county_east.
lakefield_village
page 45 film T6363 lds1465788
indexed 2008 by
OGS Kawartha Branch
11 McEWEN
Rev
John
m 61 widower - Scotland Scotland Scotland CPresb minister
his late wife was Clara
PLAYTOR
12 McEWEN
Sarah
B.
f 33 - dtr Ont Scotland Eng CPresb music teacher
13 McEWEN
Clara
C.
f 19 - dtr Ont Scotland Eng CPresb music teacher
14 CALDER
Flora
f 20 - domestic Ont Ont Ont CPresb general servant
P... Names PL... Names PLA... Names 1891 Census Menu Welcome Home
PLAYTOR - All Categories in OGSPI